A recent study published in brought new perspectives on the early signs of dementia, revealing that physical frailty can be a warning for the disease, manifesting itself up to nine years before diagnosis. This discovery highlights the relationship between physical decline and dementia, such as Alzheimer’s, the most common form of this type of disease.
Physical frailty as an early indicator
According to the research, led by doctor David Ward and a team of researchers, physical frailty is not only a consequence of dementia, but may also play a role in its development. “The data suggests that physical frailty contributes to the onset of the disease,” said the expert in a statement.
The study analyzed around 28,000 volunteers, with an average age of 71 years, over two decades, using questionnaires that assessed 30 indicators of physical frailty. These indicators include everyday activities such as:
- Walk 100 meters without getting tired;
- Getting up from a chair alone;
- Climb stairs;
- Dressing and bathing without assistance;
- Have enough strength to push a large object or lift ten pounds.
These difficulties, often seen as normal in aging, can be warning signs when associated with the risk of dementia.
Dementia: a growing global problem
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 47.5 million people currently live with dementia, a number that could reach 75.6 million in 2030 and 135.5 million in 2050. This generic disease encompasses several conditions, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, and is characterized by cognitive changes, including memory loss, language difficulties and disorientation.
Although there is no cure for many forms of dementia, it is known that around 40% of cases can be prevented or delayed through healthy lifestyles and regular medical care.
Prevention and early diagnosis
Early identification of risk factors, such as physical frailty, can be decisive in slowing the progression of the disease and improving patients’ quality of life. This study reinforces the need for physical monitoring in older ages, not only to prevent falls or injuries, but also to detect possible signs of cognitive deterioration.
As the population ages, dementia poses a growing challenge for healthcare systems and families. Recognizing and acting on early signs, such as those highlighted in this research, can be a crucial step in tackling this public health problem.
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