In a historical review, scientists discovered links between air pollution and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Environmental exposure to atmospheric pollutants during important periods of human development can significantly influence the risk of autismaccording to an innovative review of the Emerging Topic.
According to , this research shows how common air pollutants, such as fine particles and nitrogen oxides, can initiate complex “biological cascades” that impact brain development.
“Various types of neurological disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, can be associated with this environmental factor”, highlighted Haitham Amal, from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. “The timing of exposure seems crucial, with greater vulnerability during prenatal development and early childhood.”
This review served to identify different pathways through which atmospheric pollutants can influence the development of these diseases, namely nitrosative stress orchestrated by nitric oxide (NO), neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, disruption of neurotransmitter systems, epigenetic modifications, interference with the endocrine system and dysregulation of the metabolic pathway.
Still, the most significant finding lies in the fact that tiny particles, especially PM2, and nitric oxide products can. cross the placenta and affect fetal brain development.
This revelation raises important questions about protective measures for pregnant women in highly polluted areas such as large cities.
“Research suggests that individuals with a genetic predisposition to these disorders may be more vulnerable to the harmful effects of exposure to air pollution”, highlighted Amal. “This interaction between genetic and environmental factors opens new avenues for understanding the complex etiology of these diseases.”
The was published in Brain Medicine.
