Octopuses are marine animals that have unique characteristics in the animal kingdom. Among them, the fact that they have three hearts, blue blood and a body devoid of bones stands out. These adaptations allow them to survive efficiently in varied marine environments, such as the seabed, where they are generally found, explains . In addition to being impressive creatures, they are also a highly sought after snack in the Algarve land of Santa Luzia, in Tavira.
Two of the octopus’ hearts pump blood to the gills, where it is oxygenated, while the third, known as the systemic heart, distributes the oxygenated blood throughout the body. When the octopus swims, the systemic heart temporarily stops working, which makes locomotion less efficient. This phenomenon explains these animals’ preference for crawling on the seabed rather than swimming.
Octopuses’ blood is blue due to the presence of hemocyanin, a copper-rich protein that transports oxygen. This protein is particularly efficient in cold, poorly oxygenated waters, such as those found at the bottom of the sea. This adaptation, however, is not as effective in warmer waters, which may affect the distribution of octopus populations.
In the Algarve, the fishing village of Santa Luzia, in Tavira, is widely recognized as the octopus capital. This Algarve town has developed a historical relationship with the octopus, integrating it not only into the local economy, but also into the region’s culture and gastronomy. Octopus fishing is a traditional activity in Santa Luzia, carried out using methods such as the use of pits and artisanal traps.
Octopus is the main ingredient in several traditional dishes in the village, such as octopus rice, octopus à lagareiro and octopus salad. These dishes are part of the local identity and attract visitors who seek to taste this specialty, strengthening gastronomic tourism in the region.
The relationship between this Algarve village and the octopus is an example of how a community can harmonize tradition, sustainability and the cultural identity of its land, creating value from marine resources. This link not only reinforces the local economy but also promotes the preservation of fishing practices that respect the ecosystem.
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