A new threat is already visible on Portuguese coast beaches, especially in the north. Researchers have confirmed the presence of an invasive exotic species that spreads rapidly and may impact marine biodiversity and coastal activities.
It is the Pinnatifida Undaria, also known as Wakame, a brown algae from the Pacific, considered one of the 100 worst invasive species in the world. Its arrival in Portugal was through maritime transport, initially fixed in Marinas and, more recently, on beaches such as Carreço and Canto Marinho, in the district of Viana do Castelo.
How it reached the Portuguese beaches
The algae will have been transported by incrusions in ships and ballast water from the vessels. Once introduced, it adapts easily to the new conditions, being fixed on port structures and rock formations. Its propagation has been facilitated by the intense maritime activity and the environmental characteristics of the Atlantic back.
The mobility of vessels allows you to travel long distances within a few days, increasing the risk of colonization of new coastal areas.
Impact on biodiversity and economy
The Pinnatifida Undaria forms dense mantos that suffocate native seaweed and plants, blocking light and reducing the space available for the growth of other species and for the life of mollusks and fish. In addition to the ecological impact, its presence causes additional port and marin maintenance costs, affecting activities such as recreational nautical and aquaculture.
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One of the worst invasive species in the world
(UICN) included this algae on the list of the worse worst invasive species worldwide, highlighting its rapid reproduction and the ease with which it disperses. Originally from Asia and much appreciated in Japanese and Korean cuisine, Wakame arouses concerns about the balance of Portuguese marine ecosystems.
Measures to lock expansion
Measures that could be considered to contain the propagation of the Pinnatifida Underia Algae, the manual removal in marinas and the application of anti-inch coverings in port infrastructure. The total eradication of this species is considered unlikely, given its survival and reproduction capacity, and constant monitoring is essential to avoid new colonization outbreaks.
The presence of this invasive algae has already been confirmed on Portuguese beaches, thus representing an environmental and economic challenge that may require additional attention in the coming months.
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