Former Costa-Rican Headquarters
Most belongs to international organizations, but none of these countries have an army. Some who defend them, others for wanting a more peaceful world.
Costa Rica was the first country in the world to abolish his army in 1949after a civil war that gave way to the founding board of the second republic. This was the one who decided to end the Armada Costa Rican, with the objective of investing these resources in greater and better social development, according to.
According to the United Nations, this abolition also allowed “Costa Rica to become an example worldwide, from a pacifist and civil nation, resolving conflicts and external threats through the instruments provided for by international law.”
And over the years, other countries have followed, however the example – even one that belongs to the NATO. Some even have the Armed Forces of Peace, for example, but none has a true defense body. What are they?
Europa
In Europe, there are only a few examples. Among them the states of Andorra, Liechtenstein, Faroe, Grolândia, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican. Most of these states are dependent on another with regard to the defense (Andorra depends on France and Spain, for example, while San Marino has to be defended by Italy).
But there is a nation that stands out among them by the size (except Granelândia, which is because it belongs to the kingdom of Denmark on this list): a Iceland. In this Nordic country, there are only armed forces for peace missions. They do not have defense forces. But the country even belongs to the NATO. It is therefore the role of Member States to defend Iceland in case of attack.
“O security concept is no longer restricted to territorial defense; The concept is much wider and extends to the response to new challenges, ”reads in the Icelandic government.
“Individual states will not be able to prevent the proliferation of weapons of massive destruction, terrorism, international crime, environmental degradation, financial security, cybers, human trafficking, the negative impact of climate change, poverty and misery, nor the threat represented by fragile states. These global threats can only be faced through one active international cooperation“.
America
In America, there are several countries that followed the example of neighboring Costa Rica. They are Arubawhich belongs to the Kingdom of the Netherlands and has to be defended by them, Ilhas Cayman (belong to the United Kingdom, even if they are sovereign), Dominica (where the army was abolished in 1981 after two violent coup attempts), Malvin Islands (Responsibility lies with the United Kingdom), Granada (also abolished in 1983 after an American invasion), such as the Panama.
Puerto Rico also has no army (belongs to the US), as Santa Lucia, Montserrat, São Vicente and Granadinas, Dominica e St. Martin (belongs to the Kingdom of the Netherlands).
Africa, Asia and Oceania
Other countries without an army go through several small islands in the Pacific, which have no population density or international political involvement that justify their costs. Most of them are, in fact, still politically dependent on European or US nations.
Examples of Oceania nations without army are Cook Islands, French Polynesia, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Microesia, New Caledon, Niue, Palau, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu and Vanuatu.
Em Africathere is only one country without an army: the Mauriciawho have never had it since the independence of the United Kingdom. In Asiaalso only China has to defend two special administrative regions: Honk Kong e Macau.
CAROLINA BASTOS PEREIRA, ZAP //
