The “fifth fundamental force of nature” may be hidden in the heart of atoms, exchanging whispers between electrons and neutrons.
Scientists have been looking for a fifth fundamental force of nature for years; In 2016 a team of Hungarian physicists even their discovery.
In a new one, published last week in Physical Review Letters., A team of researchers now says he found this fifth force of nature – Not interior two atoms.
Each action in physics is governed by some kind of impulse or attraction. As much as we know, they fall into one of Only four categories: Electromagnetism, gravity and two types of nuclear force.
However, there may be hidden forces In the small storms of particle dynamics, which have been simply too subtle to be easily detected, explains the.
The international team of investigators – physicists from Germany, Switzerland and Australia – have established new restrictions on where a “fifth” force could be hidden in the heart of atoms, exchanging whispers between electrons and neutrons.
As useful as our Standard Model of Physics To explain cosmic and quantum phenomena, there are obvious gaps that let the physicists scratch their heads.
A Dark matter continues elusivefor example. No one knows why a given kind of matter became dominant after Big Bang. And the gravity and the most questionable member of the forces familylacking a quantum theory to explain your behavior.
The introduction of new fields and particles could contribute significantly to expand the model and, perhaps, help explain these phenomena mysterious.
One Yukawa particleproposed by Hideki Yukawa in 1935, is the hypothetical mediator of a possible force within the nuclei of atoms. If it exists, it would have a subtle influence In the way the particles that make up the nucleus of an atom interact with each other, and possibly how they interact with the electrons.
Unlike recent attempts to discover the predicted effects of force on a cosmic scaleA, the authors of the new study concentrated their attention in a much smaller spacein the orbitals around the nuclei of four different types of calcium.
The electrons are typically confined to their neighborhoods by their attraction to the particle with positive charges in the center. However, it explains Science Alert if we give them a moment, will briefly visit a higher orbitin what is known as a atomic transition.
O I need this jump It depends largely on the way the core is built, which means that an element may have different atomic transitions, each depending on the number of neutrons it has.
Mapping of these variations results in the so -called King graphwhich should be predicted relatively directly by the standard model. Find examples in which The chart does not correspond to the model could, in theory, indicate a Weak additional force to operate between neutrons and electrons.
Using five calcium isotopes in two different load states, the researchers measured atomic transitions to a degree that left some margin for a small unprepared forcegoverned by a mediating particle with a mass between 10 and 10 million of electrons-volt.
Whatever this ambiguity in their calculations, researchers have shown that largely owed a single factR – What could be a track for the existence of a fifth force.
More improved experience and calculations would be needed to confirm whether any dynamics within their resulting deviations were the result of known physics or the hypothetical interaction of Yukawa. But investigators now have at least a better idea than to look for.
