Some 150,000 people show this Saturday A, teachers and teachers of FP, plastic arts and official language schools, according to union calculations, in 13 of the 17 autonomous communities – the exceptions are Canary Islands, Catalonia, Murcia and the Basque Country. For each position there are six candidates. Despite the volume of places, the call will barely reduce the high percentage of interim teachers who wear Spanish public education, which unions estimate between 27% and 33%, according to the calculation of workers’ commissions or CSIF.
The tests have been carried out in large part of Spain under intense heat and in non -air conditioning facilities. An applicant in Zaragoza, who prefers not to reveal his name, states that in the classroom where he has been examined, 40 degrees were reached, and that he had to cool off by putting his head under the bath tap.
In 2021, the Ministry of Education approved, the objective set by the European Commission. However, despite the fact that since then and until the beginning of this course the Autonomous Communities had summoned more than 116,000 places to which more than one million applicants attended, the interim rate, according to CC OO calculations, only fell from 29.1% to 26.9%. And this year’s oppositions will not barely do me in the temporality because “they barely exceed the career official template that has retired or left the system” during the last year, says the union.
Teaching temporality has various negative consequences. On the one hand personal, by making between a fourth and a third of the teachers. And, on the other, systemic,, given the frequent entrances and exits, as well as the fact of having to start every year with several positions to cover. The arrival of the interim at the beginning of the course may take weeks, and, these teachers do not know what cycle they will have to teach until just before they are incorporated, which prevents them from preparing.
Damage of the Great Recession
The high interinity of the Spanish education system is one of the wounds left by the great recession in the Spanish teaching system that, despite the time elapsed, has not healed. The cuts executed then included a strong reduction in the replacement rate – the percentage of places of teachers who retire or stop teaching for other reasons that can be covered. This was set at 30% in the General State Budgets of 2010. and in 10% in those of 2012. The rate only rose to 50% (that is, for every two teachers who left the system, a place could be called) in 2014. It returned to 100% in 2016. And it only increased above the mere replacement, in 2022, with a rate of 120%.
The government took another step in the 2023 budgets – which are the ones that remain in force – when lifting the limit to the replacement rate. “Each administration may authorize, on an extraordinary basis, a specific rate that is necessary to comply with the objective set forth in Law 20/2021, of December 28, of urgent measures for the reduction of temporality in public employment, that the temporality in public employment does not exceed 8% of the places of structural nature in each of its areas, provided that it is justified in accordance with the instrument of plurianual planning, it must have the instrument of pluriannual planning. indicates the law of budgets in force.
The unions regret that, despite having the necessary margin to do so, the autonomous communities have not taken advantage of it. CSIF estimates that the current workforce continues to have a deficit of 44,000 teachers regarding the situation prior to the cuts of the financial crisis. And CC oo estimates that they would make 112,000 places “to really reduce 8% temporality in teaching bodies.”
The interim rate is very different between some communities and others. According to the starting report of the course that has just been published by Obreras Commissions, this goes from 16.3% in Galicia, 17.1% in the Balearic Islands, and 19.6% in Andalusia, to 47.3% of the Canary Islands, 43.4% of Euskadi, and 40.2% of Aragon.
