During the blood test for transplantation they did Doctors in France exceptional genetic discovery. Scientists have identified the most precious and latest blood group in the world so far. The only known bearer is a guadelou, whose blood is so unique that doctors have not found a single suitable donor – even among her own siblings.
Discovery of this 48. A recognized blood group called Gwada-Negative, began after this woman’s plasma responded against all tested samples from potential donors, including samples from her brothers and sisters. Therefore, no compatible blood donor could be found for her.
Most people know their blood group such as A, B, AB or 0 and know whether Rh-positive or negative. However, these well -known categories represent only two of dozens of blood groups that determine compatibility in transfusion. Each system reflects the subtle but decisive differences in proteins and carbohydrates that cover red blood cells.
In order to solve the mystery of incompatible blood of a patient from Guadeloupe, scientists used the latest genetic analysis. Using the sequencing of the entire genome – a technique that examines all more than 20,000 human genes – discovered a mutation in a gene called Pigz. This gene produces an enzyme that adds a specific carbohydrate to an important molecule on the surface of the cell membranes. The missing carbohydrate changes the structure of the molecule on the surface of the red blood cells.
This change creates a new antigen – a key element that determines the blood group – and gives a brand new classification: Gwada positive (with antigen) or gwada negative (without it).
Using the gene adjustment, the team confirmed their discovery by re -creating a mutation in the laboratory. All tested blood donor blood samples were gwada-positive, thus a woman from Guadeloupe has become the only known Gwada-negative person in the world.
