After 1945, the so-called “sacrificial doctrine” dominated in the official memory policy of Austria: Austria was the first victim of National Socialism-about the actual participation of many Austrians: Inside in Nazi crimes was hardly spoken of for decades. The Holocaust in particular was largely taboo. Nevertheless, anti -Semitic ideas continued in Austrian society. Studies show that anti -Semitic attitudes continued after 1945 – often subtly, indirectly and encoded.1