Roraima leads the ranking with 57 homicides; Then come Amazonas (45) and Mato Grosso do Sul (33)
Over the past 10 years, cases of indigenous murders have grown 201.43%from 70 cases in 2014 to 211 in 2024. Data are part of a report violence against the indigenous peoples of Brazil, produced by CIMI (Indigenous Missionary Council). 
Of the total victims, 159 were male and 52, female. The states that recorded the largest number of indigenous deaths for murder were Roraima (57), Amazonas (45) and Mato Grosso do Sul (33), also highlighting Bahia, where 23 indigenous people were murdered. About 34% of the murders (71 cases) victimized young indigenous people, from 20 to 29 years old.
The document records an increase in episodes of violence against the person, which totaled 424 records in 2024 against 248 in 2014. Nine categories are accounted for: abuse of power (19 cases), death threat (20), threats (35), murders (211), manslaughter (20), bodily injury (29), racism and ethnic-cultural discrimination (39) murder (31) and sexual violence (20).
The report highlights 2024 as the 1st year of the temporal landmark (Law 14,701 of 2023), approved by Congress and promulgated in December 2023. According to CIMI, the legislation places the right of indigenous peoples to their land and territories in an unprecedented vulnerability in the post-constituting period.
According to the document, 154 conflicts related to territorial rights were recorded in at least 114 indigenous lands in 19 states. According to Cimi, the year was marked by serious and violent armed attacks on indigenous communities in fight for the demarcation of their lands, especially in the Guarani and Kaiowá territories, in Mato Grosso do Sul, Avá-Guarani, in western Paraná, and Pataxó and Pataxó Hã-Hãe, in the south and the south of Bahia.
“One of the main consequences of the promulgation of Law 14,701 of 2023 was the almost complete stagnation of the ongoing demarcatory processes, due to the legal insecurity generated by the norm, which inserts in the legal order related to the demarcation of indigenous lands considered ‘unenforceable’ by Funai”says the report.
A reflection of this scenario is the fact that approximately 2/3 (78) of indigenous lands and territories that recorded conflicts related to territorial rights in 2024 are not regularized. These areas, with administrative pending or without any action for their demarcation, concentrated at least 101 of the 154 cases of conflicts registered by CIMI in 2024.
Sought by Brazil agencythe Ministry of Indigenous Peoples forwarded a note stating that it has always positioned itself contrary to the temporal landmark law: “Until a concrete solution that does not represent a setback regarding the rights of indigenous peoples, the folder has been acting on several fronts to advance in what is not impacted by current law.”.
The ministry states that, since 2023, the federal government has approved 13 indigenous territories. In addition, the agency participated in the process that led to the signature of 11 declaratory ordinances. “In 2 years the approval, which have not happened since 2018, have exceeded the amount of the last 10 years before the creation of the ministry.”these.
“Given the Liabilities of TIS demarcation in Brazil and the delay regarding the deadline established by the Constitution, the position of MPI is to find solutions that end the end of the cycle of violence in land conflicts that have deepened over 2023 and 2024 as a result of the temporal framework law.”said the ministry.
With information from
