Knowing how much you will receive from reform is one of the central issues for those who are preparing to make life active. This amount, officially designated by Social Security as an old age pension, results from a calculation that considers the entire contributory career and the remuneration recorded over the years.
According to the ekonomist, the applied formula may seem complex at first glance, but always based on the same elements: the reference remuneration, the overall pension formation rate and, when applicable, the sustainability factor.
The formula that dictates the value of the pension
The calculation of the statutory pension follows the expression: pension = reference remuneration x global formation rate x sustainability factor.
The reference remuneration is obtained by dividing the total revaluation of the contributory career by the number of civil years with discounts, multiplied by 14. This number of years is limited to 40, being used, in case of exceeding, the highest. The revaluation consists of updating the values by coefficients published annually by the state.
The global training rate is determined by the number of relevant civil years, also with a limit of 40, multiplied by the applicable annual rate. For careers up to 20 years, this rate is 2% per year. From 21 years, between 2% and 2.3%, depending on the remuneration of reference.
The sustainability factor applies to early reforms, reducing the final value. In 2025, this reduction is 16.9% for those who retire before the minimum age, set at 66 years and 7 months.
Differences depending on the date of registration in social security
According to the same source, who registered until December 31, 2001 has the calculation divided into two installments: one based on the 10 best years of the last 15 and another in every year of discounts. For registration from 1 January 2002, the calculation considers every year of discounts, up to 40, applying the global formation rate to the reference remuneration.
Simulator and Official Calculation Request
If you do not want to do the bills manually, you can resort to the simulator available on. This indicates the estimated gross value and the age of reform, based on recorded salaries. However, discounts made in other regimes may not appear in the simulation.
For a more rigorous estimate, you can ask the Social Security an official calculation by filling the RP 5070-DGSS form and delivering it in person. This process is longer, but gives you a precise forecast of what you can receive every month.
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