The government of the president has intensified the mass deportations, sending them where possible.
Thus, deported immigrants do not necessarily return to their countries of origin, but also to so -called “third countries” – states with which they have absolutely no connection.
It has become a key destination for the implementation of this policy. In 2022, when the then British government had reached African states with a similar demand, only Rwanda responded positively.
Ultimately, the British plan did not join in domestic and international reactions, and was considered illegal. On the contrary, the Trump government has managed to find more willing interlocutors in Epirus and put its plan into operation.
Which countries accepted immigrants
Ghana, Rwanda, South Sudan and Esatini E in the context of bilateral agreements with the US, and Uganda recently said it has reached a temporary agreement with Washington.
Last month, 12 men from countries such as Mexico, Myanmar and Yemen were transported by air to Esuatini and South Sudan. Another Southwean was repatriated by the US. The US authorities argue that they are doomed criminals, but the legal and moral background of these deportations is challenged by international organizations.
Political rewards and pressures
The willingness of some African countries to conclude such agreements is interpreted, according to experts, as a result of political and economic calculations. The Trump government has made it clear that it is rewarding cooperation and punishes the resistance.
In this regard, the government’s readiness to multiply duties on African products and impose onslaught restrictions on visas has served as a pressure tool when it asks countries to accept deported people, experts say.
“Countries see it as an opportunity to welcome the Trump government,” Cameron Hudson, a collaborator at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in Washington, commented on the New York Times.
For example, the shift of Ghana is indicative. In 2022, he had categorically rejected participation in the British deportation program. However, in September 2025, President John Mahama’s new government received 14 US immigrants,
characterizing this energy as an act of African solidarity. According to Foreign Minister Samuel Ocuset Ablakva, the government received no payment and all the immigrants were Western Africans.
Reactions and complaints
In Esuatini, five immigrants from third countries are held in prison, while the government says they are going to be returned to their countries of origin. Indeed, on Tuesday, a Jamaican who had reached the African country was repatriated after his departure from the US.
Correspondingly, the agreement with South Sudan appears to have occurred after strong diplomatic pressure. After the Trump government recalled all visas for citizens of South Sudan, the country changed its attitude. In July, eight immigrants from Laos, Vietnam and Myanmar were transferred to the capital Juba.
And in Latin America
Deportations are not limited to Africa. Many Latin American countries have also accepted deported, with hundreds of Venezuelans being sent to the infamous prisons of El Salvador, while others in countries such as Costa Rica and Panama.
Paraguay has recently signed a corresponding agreement, while Mexico, although not officially joined the program, has accepted deported from Central America, Cuba, Haiti and Venezuela.
Legal and moral objections
These practices have caused great concern both by human rights protection organizations and experts in international law. The principle of non -redefinition, which prohibits a return to a country where it is in danger is valid not only to the homeland of the immigrant but also to any third country.
Professor Ray Brescia, from the Law School of Alfani, comments on the BBC: “The whole concept of deportation in third countries must be examined in the light of the broader concept of asylum … If the country is not safe, expulsion can violate international law.”
The same authority was the criterion by which the United Kingdom Supreme Court blocked the government’s deportation plan in Rwanda in 2023, judging that the country does not meet the necessary security guarantees
