The ongoing war in the Gaza Strip had several developments on Friday, 3. First, Hamas accepted parts of President Donald Trump’s proposal to end the conflict. Trump then celebrated the terrorist group’s response and ordered Israel to interrupt the attacks. Finally, Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu said he was ready to implement the first part of the plan.
But what does all this mean in practice? Is it the end of the war? What happens now?
Hamas’s declaration of accepting in parts of the agreement, such as the return of all remaining hostages and the willingness to the government’s transition to Gaza still left important points at the negotiating table.
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Vitelio Brustolin, professor of international relations at the Fluminense Federal University (UFF) and Harvard researcher, explains that the stated arrangement to deliver the administration to a technocratic body and the release of hostages can pave the way for a temporary ceasefire, but they do not yet resolve the central demands of war.
“Hamas says it wants to negotiate, final control, troop removal, Palestinian political recognition. That is, it changes short -term tactical and humanitarian conditions, but it does not guarantee a lasting political solution,” he says.
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Karina Calandrin, a professor at IBMEC and postdoctoral researcher at the University of São Paulo Institute of International Relations (USP), also explains that Hamas’s partial acceptance does not, by itself, mean an immediate turn in conflict, but signals that the group is trying to reposition their political position.
“The possibility of giving in political power in Gaza can be a way of maintaining indirect influence, rather than risking losing relevance in a scenario of reconstruction led by other actors,” he says.
“The possibility of giving in political power in Gaza can be a way of maintaining indirect influence, rather than risking losing relevance in a scenario of reconstruction led by other actors,” he says.
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“It is better to make room for a transitional government than to completely lose legitimacy or to be destroyed militarily. It is not a total renunciation of power that Hamas does, but a way of gaining time and maintaining relevance without carrying the weight of civil collapse,” Brustolin explains.
Proposal obstacles
From Trump’s 20 points, Gaza would be “under the temporary transient governance of a technocratic and apolitical Palestinian committee, responsible for the daily administration of public services and municipalities”, but the committee would be supervised by a new transient international body, led by Trump, former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, and “other members and heads to be announced”.
Experts explain that Trump’s proposal requires Hamas’s disarmament, however the group conditions the measure at the end of Israeli occupation. “The plan does not solve central issues such as borders, the status of Jerusalem, the right of return. Therefore, it is not a definitive peace. It is a first step,” explains Brustolin.
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“Even if Hamas gives formal administration, its military structures can remain and react if they feel betrayed at some point,” he adds.
Chestin explica dois pontos principle:
The practical: a cease immediate fire with the exchange of hostages and prisoners and the large -scale entry of humanitarian aid and the beginning of reconstruction.
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The most difficult: Hamas disarmament, long -term guarantees, internal political acceptance in Israel and the recognition of Palestine.
For Calandrin, it is unlikely that the plan will advance in full. She explains that the agreement depends on the acceptance not only of Hamas, but also of Israel, which has strong reservations about giving any political space to the group.
“What can go wrong is precisely the lack of concrete guarantees: who would guarantee security, reconstruction and governance in Gaza?”, The teacher highlights.
“From now on, the tendency is for the proposal to be used as a political instrument, both by Hamas, which can show the willingness to negotiate, and by Trump, who tries to project international leadership,” he added.
