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Stroke, historically associated with aging, has increasingly affected people under 40 years of age. The professor of Neurology at Afya Cruzeiro do Sul, Pedro Souza, observes a significant increase in cases among young people aged 20 to 35, an age group that previously represented a minority group of statistics.
A sedentary lifestyle, stress, drug use and excessive consumption of stimulants are among the factors driving the increase in cases in the 20 to 35 age range/Photo: Reproduction
According to the expert, changes in behavior and lifestyle have played a central role in this advancement. “We are seeing a significant number of ischemic strokes in young patients, and the factors involved are directly linked to the way we are living”, says the neurologist.
The combination of chronic stress, sedentary routine and inadequate diet has increased the risk of cardiovascular events, including in people without previous illnesses. “These factors increase the risk regardless of age. They favor the formation of fatty plaques in the vessels, which can compromise cerebral blood flow”, explains Dr. Pedro. Although atherosclerosis is more common in the elderly, he reinforces that it has already become a relevant factor among young adults.
Use of drugs and energy drinks is one of the main triggers
The neurologist draws attention to a critical point: the consumption of psychoactive substances. “The use of illicit drugs is a very important factor. They can cause vasospasm, which abruptly reduces blood circulation in the brain, increasing the risk of stroke and even heart attack”, he warns.
The excess of energy drinks and stimulants has also worried experts. “The abusive use of these products increases the risk of arrhythmias, which can cause a stroke even in young and apparently healthy people”, he adds.
Despite the severity, recognition of the signs tends to be faster among young people. “As many do not have other associated illnesses and do not use medication, the sudden loss of speech, strength or understanding generally attracts more attention than in elderly patients”, explains the doctor.
Classic symptoms include difficulty speaking, disorientation, loss of movement in arms or legs, and sudden changes in understanding.
Prevention: small changes that avoid big risks
Adopting healthy habits is the main weapon to reduce the risk of stroke. Dr. Pedro highlights five essential measures:
Avoid illicit drugs and the abusive use of energy drinks and stimulants;
Maintain a balanced diet;
Practice regular physical activity;
Seek periodic medical evaluation, even in the absence of symptoms;
Avoid self-medication and use of substances without professional advice.
The recommended evaluation begins with a medical consultation and basic laboratory tests. “The initial panel usually includes cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting blood glucose. Other tests are defined according to the history and needs of each patient”, explains Dr. Pedro.
Advice
