Mosquito or mosquito bites are part of everyday life for those who live in tropical regions, and with them comes itching. To alleviate the discomfort, many people resort to homemade solutions, some harmless, others with the potential to worsen the injury.
According to dermatologists, there are simple precautions that help reduce inflammation, but care is needed to avoid worsening the condition with popular practices without scientific support. “There is a risk of allergic reactions, burns and infections, especially when the person scratches too much or applies irritating products”, says dermatologist Cristiano Kakihara, member of the Brazilian Society of Dermatology (SBD).
In cases of multiple injuries, local infection, or when there is fever or other associated symptoms, the ideal is to seek medical attention. Children, the elderly and people with allergies should receive special attention, using hypoallergenic dermatological products and appropriate prescriptions for each age group.
Compresses and aloe vera: what can help safely
Among the most effective measures to relieve itching is the use of cold compresses. “They reduce inflammation by activating cold-sensitive channels, helping to modulate the skin’s nerve signals”, explains Ana Paula Jordão Visioli, a dermatologist in São Paulo, with postgraduate degrees in cosmiatry, biochemistry and aesthetics. According to her, temperatures between 4 °C and 22 °C, for up to 30 minutes, can alleviate the sensation of itching, as long as the person does not have peripheral vascular diseases.
Another option is the topical use of aloe vera (aloe vera), which has anti-inflammatory and antipruritic properties. Although specific studies on insect bites are still lacking, its traditional use is considered plausible. “Aloe can be an alternative, as long as the person is not allergic to the plant”, adds Kakihara.
Avoiding scratching is also an essential guideline. The act of scratching breaks the surface layer of the skin and facilitates the entry of bacteria, increasing the risk of infection. In case of wounds, the ideal is to wash with soap and water, cover with a clean bandage and observe signs such as secretion, intense pain or progressive worsening, which require medical monitoring.
What to avoid: lemon, vinegar, toothpaste and essential oils
Popular substances such as lemon, vinegar, alcohol, toothpaste and bicarbonate are contraindicated, according to experts. “These products can cause irritation, dermatitis or even chemical burns, especially on skin already sensitized by the bite”, warns Visioli. Lemon, in contact with the sun, can cause phytophotodermatitis, a serious inflammatory reaction.
Essential oils like lavender and tea tree also require caution. “They can cause contact dermatitis and, in children, there are reports of adverse hormonal effects, such as gynecomastia and premature thelarche,” says Kakihara. Medical literature recommends avoiding topical use of these substances, especially in children under seven years of age.
To prevent complications, experts emphasize that people with allergies or a history of exacerbated reactions should be evaluated by dermatologists. In mild cases, careful hygiene, the use of cold compresses and soothing lotions are usually sufficient. When there is an infection or generalized reaction, it may be necessary to use antiallergic medications, topical corticosteroids or even antibiotics, as per medical advice.
