Everything about how to declare global accounts in dollars and investments outside Brazil in IR 2026

The internationalization of investments has become accessible to Brazilian retail investors through global accounts and international brokerages. However, this facility brought tax complexity, especially after the sanction of Law 14,754/2023, known as the “Offshores Law”. For the fiscal year referring to the calendar year 2025 — the declaration of which occurs in IR 2026 —, the rules are already consolidated and differ substantially from the model in force until 2023. Understanding how to declare global accounts in dollars and investments outside Brazil in IR 2026 is essential to avoid the fine mesh and guarantee the tax efficiency of the portfolio.

The new taxation regime for assets abroad

The main structural change brought about by the new legislation was the unification of taxation and the change in the frequency of tax collection for individuals. The old model, which used the progressive table (from 0% to 27.5%) and the GCAP (Capital Gain) program with monthly payment, was replaced by a definitive taxation model in the Annual Adjustment Declaration (DAA).

For IR 2026, a linear rate of 15% applies to income from capital invested abroad. This encompasses:

Financial applications: Interest-bearing bank deposits, certificates of deposit, investment fund shares, shares, ETFs, REITs, bonds and fixed income securities;

Profits and dividends: Unlike Brazil, where dividends are still exempt for individuals (until now), dividends received from abroad make up the 15% calculation basis;

Taxation occurs when resources are made available (cash basis). In other words, the taxable event is the redemption, amortization, sale or receipt of earnings. There is no longer an exemption for sales of small amounts (former exemption of R$35,000 per month) for financial assets abroad; any gain is taxable.

Factors influencing tax calculation

To correctly determine the amount to be paid and declared, the investor must pay attention to two main vectors: exchange rate variation and loss compensation.

Treatment of exchange rate variation

Current legislation has simplified, but also burdened, the calculation of exchange rate variation.

Main Variation: The exchange rate variation on the principal amount invested (the initial contribution) is not taxed if the resource originated in national currency;

Yield Variation: The exchange rate variation on the gain (profit) is taxed;

In practice, for deposits in a non-interest-bearing current account (balance in dollars), exchange rate variations remain exempt. However, for financial applications, the tax calculation must consider the acquisition value and the disposal value converted to Reais using the Central Bank’s selling price (PTAX) on the date of each event.

Loss compensation

An important analytical advance of the new rule is the possibility of offsetting losses (“netting”). In IR 2026, the investor will be able to deduct losses made in financial operations abroad from gains obtained in other operations of the same nature, as long as they are within the same calendar year. If the year ends with a negative balance (accumulated loss), this may be carried forward to deduct profits from future years, without a limitation period, as long as they are duly informed in the declaration.

Current scenario: asset records and tax transparency

The operationalization of the declaration in the Federal Revenue program requires attention to the classification of assets in the Assets and Rights Form.

Group 06 – Demand Deposit and Cash: Used to inform the current account balance (Banking) of institutions such as Nomad, Avenue, Inter Global, XP Internacional, etc. The usual code is 62 (Bank deposit abroad);

Group 04 – Applications and Investments: Shares, ETFs and REITs must be declared here, detailing the brokerage and country of domicile of the asset;

A relevant innovation for high-income investors is the tax transparency rule for Entities Controlled Abroad (Offshores). If the entity is located in a tax haven or has passive income greater than 60%, taxation is automatic annually (on December 31), regardless of the distribution of profits. For retail investors with global accounts (direct Individuals), this rule rarely applies, maintaining the cash basis (taxation only upon redemption/receipt).

Procedures for declaring in IR 2026

To make the declaration correctly, follow the analytical logic below, considering that the Federal Revenue system groups foreign income information into a specific “Capital Income Abroad” form.

Balance Conversion: Convert the balance in dollars (or other currency) existing on 12/31/2025 to Reais using the PTAX purchase quote on the last business day of the first half of December 2025 (specific rule for goods and rights) or the historical cost fixing quote, depending on whether there were new contributions;

Income Information: Enter the net gains (sales profit + dividends – losses) in the “Additional Income – Variable Income and Others” form or in the specific “Determination of the Taxation Option for Goods Abroad” form, according to the layout of the program in force in 2026;

Tax Payment: The 15% tax is no longer paid monthly via DARF code 4600 (GCAP). It is determined in the Annual Adjustment Declaration and paid in a single installment or in installments together with the income tax due in Brazil, generally due on May 31st of the year of declaration;

FAQ

Is there still an exemption for sales under R$35,000 abroad?

Not for financial assets. Law 14,754 revoked this exemption for financial investments abroad. The 15% rate applies to any capital gain, regardless of the sale value.

How do I declare the uninvested balance in the global account?

The balance held in a current account (not invested in financial products) must be declared in the Assets and Rights Form, Group 06, Code 62. The exchange rate variation in this specific balance is exempt from taxation.

Can I offset stock losses in Brazil with profits abroad?

No. Taxation systems are segregated (tax silos). Losses abroad only offset gains abroad. Losses at B3 only offset gains at B3.

Can tax withheld abroad (Tax Credit) be deducted?

Yes, as long as there is a reciprocity agreement or convention to avoid double taxation between Brazil and the country of origin of the income (as is the case in the USA). The tax paid abroad can be deducted from the tax due in Brazil, up to the limit of the Brazilian rate (15%).

Analytical synthesis

The declaration of international assets in IR 2026 reflects a more mature regulatory environment aligned with OECD standards, eliminating distortions such as indefinite tax deferral. Although the single rate of 15% simplifies the final calculation, the end of the exemption for small amounts increased the real tax burden for the small investor. Document organization throughout the year — keeping accurate records of average prices and exchange rates — is the determining factor for tax compliance.

Disclaimer: This content is strictly informative and educational in nature about the economic and tax scenario. It does not constitute accounting advice or investment recommendations. Tax legislation is subject to changes and interpretations. It is recommended that you consult a specialized accountant or tax lawyer to analyze specific cases.