Former federal deputy Alexandre Ramagem on Monday (13) by the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement, known as ICE. Convicted of attempted coup d’état, Ramagem since December 2025.
Due to his conviction, Ramagem’s situation in the USA was irregular, as the STF (Supreme Federal Court) ordered the cancellation of his diplomatic passport. Furthermore, the former deputy was only in the country on a tourist visa, which expired on March 7. Because of these two reasons, either deportation or extradition are possible paths in the case.
A deportation This is the compulsory removal of a person in an irregular migration situation in the country — which is what led to Ramagem’s arrest.
The former deputy was arrested due to immigration issues, relating to the expiration of his visa, not directly due to the Brazilian court request. In this case, the detention is considered administrative (immigration), not international criminal. This makes it more possible that he will be deported.
I and extradition It is a legal instrument that facilitates international cooperation. This involves the surrender of a person accused of committing a crime against a foreign State.
Ramagem to 16 years in prison for participating in the plan to keep former president Jair Bolsonaro (PL) in the Presidency. He was accused of guiding the former chief executive and his group to launch attacks against the electoral system.
Furthermore, during the government of Jair Bolsonaro (PL), Ramagem was director of Abin (Brazilian Intelligence Agency), the country’s intelligence service responsible for collecting strategic information. According to the PGR (Attorney General’s Office), a “parallel Abin” was created to monitor opponents and disseminate criticism against the elections.
Although it is possible, the extradition path is less likely in Ramagem’s case, considering that the attempted coup d’état plan is not considered a crime in the USA.
Added to this, Ramagem was convicted in the same criminal case as Bolsonaro, who is ideologically aligned with North American President Donald Trump.
Next steps
After arrest, it is common for those arrested for immigration reasons to be sent to a detention center, where they are placed together with other people of different nationalities.
O is processing, which includes a status inquiry.
During the process, there is the possibility of granting bail, which will allow Ramagem to be temporarily released during the process.
In the case of deportation, this is a faster process. In this case, the North American government will contact the Brazilian government to arrange transportation, which only occurs when there are a number of Brazilians in the same situation.
If the US opts for extradition, it will take longer, as Ramagem’s defense resources will still be available.
Upon arriving in Brazil, Ramagem must be detained, with the PF (Federal Police) waiting for him at the airport.
According to a CNNthe former deputy must have his asylum request analyzed by the American authorities before any decision is made on his situation.
