High blood pressure is one of the most common chronic conditions in the world and one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. In Brazil, it is estimated that around one in four adults is hypertensive, according to data from the Ministry of Health. Despite this, a significant portion of these people are unaware of the diagnosis or do not maintain adequate treatment.
The problem is that high blood pressure rarely causes symptoms in the early stages. Therefore, many people live with the disease for years without realizing it.
A silent disease that takes its toll over time
High blood pressure causes progressive wear of blood vessels. Over time, this can lead to hardening of the arteries, increased workload on the heart, and compromise of important organs.
The best-known consequences are , but hypertension is also directly related to heart failure and changes in vision.
As it does not usually cause pain or discomfort, it is common for the diagnosis to only occur after a more serious event. Hence the importance of viewing hypertension as a condition that needs to be monitored even in the absence of symptoms.
Who should pay more attention
Some factors significantly increase the risk of developing hypertension throughout life. Advanced age, sedentary lifestyle and high salt consumption are among the main ones.
Chronic stress also plays a relevant role, as does family history. People with hypertensive first-degree relatives are more likely to develop the disease.
Furthermore, conditions such as diabetes and changes in cholesterol often coexist with hypertension, further increasing cardiovascular risk.
Prevention and control make all the difference
The good news is that high blood pressure can be controlled – and, in many cases, prevented. Taking your blood pressure regularly is one of the most important attitudes, even for those who feel well.
Lifestyle changes have a significant impact. Reducing salt consumption, regular physical activity, weight control and a balanced diet help maintain blood pressure at adequate levels.
When necessary, the use of medications must be followed correctly. Stopping treatment on your own is one of the main mistakes and can bring important risks.
National Day to Prevent and Combat Hypertension is a reminder that taking care of blood pressure is not just a medical recommendation – it is an essential strategy to preserve health and avoid complications throughout life.
*Text written by cardiologist Carlos Alberto Pastore (CRM: 24.264/SP | RQE: 69372), PhD in Cardiology from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, professor at FMUSP since 2004 and Brazil Health member
