This theory can completely change the way we think about the universe. “The temporal line of the universe simply stretches“.
Astronomers have thought, for decades, that dark matter and dark energy constitute most of the universe.
However, a new suggests that may not exist of everything.
Instead, what seems to be dark matter and energy can simply be the effect of the natural forces of the universe slowly weakening as it ages.
Led by Rajendra Gupta, a professor at the Department of Physics at the University of Otava, the study states that if the basic forces of nature (such as gravity) slowly change over time and space, they can explain the strange phenomena we observe, such as how galaxies evolve and rotate and how the universe expands.
Challenging established concepts
“The forces of the universe weaken, on average, as it expands, ”Professor Gupta.“ This weakening makes it seem like a mysterious impulse which causes the universe to expand faster (which is identified as dark energy). However, at the scale of galaxies and galaxy swarms, the variation of these forces in gravitationally limited space results in extra severity (which is considered to be due to dark matter). But these things can be just illusions, resulting from the evolution of constants that define the strength of strength. ”
And adds: “There are two very different phenomena that must be explained by dark matter and dark energy: the first is to cosmological scale, That is, at a scale of greater than 600 million light years, assuming that the universe is homogeneous and equal in all directions. The second is to Astrophysical scale, That is, at a smaller scale the universe is very irregular and depends on the direction. In the standard model, both scenarios require different equations to explain observations using dark matter and dark energy. Ours is the only one who explains them with the same equation and without the need for dark matter or energy. ”
“What is really exciting is that this new approach allows us to explain what we see in the sky: the rotation of the galaxies, the grouping of galaxies and even how light bends around massive objects, without having to imagine that there is something hidden outside. result of the variation of the constants of nature as the universe ages and becomes irregular“.
New model applied to the astrophysics scale
Last year, Professor Gupta put into question the existence of dark matter in the universe in its study on the cosmological scale. In this work on the astrophysical scale, he questioned the current theoretical models for the galaxies rotation curves.
In the new model, the parameter often designated by α emerges from the fact that the evolution of coupling constants is allowed.
Indeed, α behaves as an extra “component” on gravitational equations that produces effects similar to those astronomers attribute to dark matter and dark energy.
In cosmological scales, α is treated as a constant (for example, determined by the adjustment of supernova data).
But locally (astrophysical scale), in a galaxy, since the distribution of common matter (black holes, stars, planets, gas, etc.) varies dramatically, α varies, causing the extra gravitational effect depends on the location of this matter.
Thus, the new theory provides that, in regions where there is a lot of common matter, the extra gravitational effect is lowerand where density of detectable matter is low, greater.
In fact, instead of adding dark matter halos around the galaxies, the extra gravitational attraction comes from α in the new model. It reproduces the observed “flat rotation curves” (stars that move faster than expected in the outer parts of the galaxies).
Implications for Astronomy
Professor Gupta thinks this idea can resolver Some of the largest pupil of astronomy. “For years, we have struggled to explain how the galaxies of the primitive universe have formed so quickly and became so massive,” he says. “With our model, It is not necessary to assume any exotic particles or break the rules of physics. The temporal line of the universe simply stretchesalmost doubling the age of the universe and paving the way for everything we observe. ”
Indeed, the extended timeline for the formation of stars and galaxies makes it much easier to explain how large and complex structures such as galaxies and black holes may have appeared so early in the universe.
This theory can completely change the way we think about the universe. It even implies that the search for dark matter particles, something scientists spent years and thousands of millions of dollars, may not be necessary after all. Even though exotic particles are experimentally found, they would have to constitute about six times the mass of common matter.
“Sometimes the simplest explanation is the best. Perhaps the greatest secrets of the universe are only matches preached by the evolutionary constants of nature“Concludes Professor Gupta.
