The presidency of COP30 (30th United Nations Conference on Climate Change) released the executive report of the conference held in Belém, in November 2025. The document consolidates the results of the meeting and details the next steps to implement global policies.
In total, 56 decisions were adopted by consensus among participating countries, which include topics such as mitigation, adaptation, financing, technology, and losses and damages. Here is the report, in English (PDF – 10 MB).
“The decisions adopted at the conference must serve as catalysts for economic transformation, the construction of more resilient societies and the restoration of ecosystems. The journey continues – and will require commitment from all of us”says COP president André Corrêa do Lago and executive director Ana Toni.
“The conference established important new global agreements on a just transition, on tripling funding for adaptation, and significant progress across the Action Agenda, including trillions of dollars for clean grids and a historic new forests initiative.”declared the executive secretary of the UNFCCC (United Nations Convention on Climate Change), Simon Stiell.
Concrete results
The report mentions the expansion of climate financing, with the goal of mobilizing US$1.3 trillion by 2035, which includes at least US$300 billion in public resources. A target of tripling funding for adaptation over the same period was also agreed.
Another central axis was the strengthening of adaptation policies, with the adoption of global indicators to monitor progress and the expansion of national plans presented by countries. At the end of the conference, 122 countries had already submitted their climate contributions (NDCs), goals that mark a new cycle of international commitments to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Route maps
The report presents 3 major road maps, which should guide global climate action in the coming years. The initiatives function as political and technical platforms to transform commitments into national policies and investments.
One of them is the Road Map for the Transition away from Fossil Fuels in a fair, orderly and equitable way. Among the goals is to eliminate deforestation by 2030.
The 2nd is the Roadmap for Reversing Deforestation and Forest Degradation by 2030, which reinforces the role of forests in climate action and sustainable development.
The 3rd, which was created before COP30 and goes beyond the event, is the Baku to Belém Road Map. The plan focuses mainly on mobilizing US$1.3 trillion in climate financing, especially for developing countries, and has the goals of the Paris Agreement as a reference.
The COP30 presidency launched the Global Implementation Accelerator, an initiative aimed at supporting countries in implementing their climate goals and adaptation plans, which prioritizes actions with rapid and large-scale impact.
Tropical forests
One of the highlights of the Brazilian presidency’s initiatives was the creation of the Tropical Forests Forever Fund – the acronym in English. The mechanism seeks to mobilize predictable, long-term financing for the conservation and sustainable use of forests in tropical developing countries.
The TFFF operates through blended financing: it combines public and private investments through a results-based framework. For its creators, the fund guarantees stability and long-term incentives for forest protection. At the end of the event, 52 countries and the European Union endorsed participation in the initiative.
Racism and poverty
At COP30, the Belém Declaration on Combating Environmental Racism was created, endorsed by countries in Latin America, Africa, Asia and Oceania.
The agreement seeks to foster global dialogue on racial equality, climate and the environment. It reinforces the human rights dimension and recognizes that the climate emergency is also a racial justice crisis.
In this sense, the document mentions historical patterns of discrimination; the disproportionate exposure of people of African descent, indigenous peoples and local communities to pollution and climate risks; and the urgent need for a human rights-based approach to public policy.
The Declaration on Hunger, Poverty and Climate Action was signed by 44 countries. The document talks about how climate impacts increase poverty, food insecurity, water stress and health crises.
Signatories advocate for the expansion of social protection systems, investments in food production, support for small farmers and local communities, and early warning systems, disaster preparedness and adaptation strategies. Furthermore, they call for the expansion of inclusive financing and just transition measures.
Rumo a Antalya
The report indicates the next steps on the international agenda, with a focus on continuing negotiations and preparing for the next climate conference, COP31, which will be held in Antalya, Turkey, in 2026.
The COP30 presidency intends to consolidate road maps, expand funding and maintain international engagement to ensure that the commitments made in Belém translate into concrete results in the coming years.
With information from .
