In the last week,. This will be the fourth federation since the instrument was allowed by Brazilian law in 2021.
Unlike other federations, created mainly to ensure the survival of parties that alone would not fulfill the performance clause – if combining larger parties (such as B PC and O), whether adding forces with another small party (case of and network, and to some extent of PSDB and citizenship) – the new federation unites two parties that, in the light of the results of 2022, do not seem threatened. Union and were, respectively, the third and fourth most voted parties for, with 9.34% and 7.35% of the valid votes.
If PP and Union are not at risk of disappearing, what is the purpose of the covenant, considering the electoral strings that it imposes? And, after all, how restrictive are these strings in the specific case?
The new federation seems to play a strategic role in the center-right, capable of facing both as much as.
In front of the PL, the Federation can become an alternative for candidates seeking new subtitles in 2026, preventing the party of and reigns absolute in the right spectrum. Federation’s size and capillarity increase the potential to launch proportional competitive lists and negotiate applications.
In front of the PSD, the Federation will compete with the Kassab party the role of main supporter – the faithful of the balance – of presidential candidacies in the states. Despite movements of E, it is difficult to believe that PP, Union or PSD will allocate funds to launch their own presidential candidacy. Being the strategic partner of a competitive presidential candidate expands bargaining power in the definition of state candidacies.
Regarding the possible constraints, it is worth remembering that PP and Union share origins: both descend from the old PDS, heir to the arena, the support party of. The few recent electoral clashes also favor convergence. In 2022, the PP launched governor candidates in only five states; The Union, in 12. were opponents only in Acre, Santa Catarina and Rondônia – and without decisive conflicts.
In the 2024, PP or União municipalities, they launched candidates in 2,537 of the more than 5,500 municipalities, but competed directly in only 236, three capitals: Rio de Janeiro and Curitiba, where they had no real chances, and Campo Grande, where they faced each other in the second round. The constraints are lower than they seem at first glance.
The Federation may also generate another benefit: forming stronger proportional lists, increasing the number of candidates with the potential to exceed the individual polling floor required by law. This favors both the gain of chairs by the party quotient and in the dispute for the leftovers.
If PP and Union know how to manage specific conflicts, the alliance tends to harvest more fruits in 2026 than competing in isolation – it speculates the possible consequences for the command of the House and the next legislature.
A party federation is a formal alliance between two or more parties, nationwide and a minimum duration of four years. It must be registered with the Superior Electoral Court (), to have its own statute and a president, in many ways, as a single party. During this period, the Federation acts as a single caption in the launch of candidates for majority positions and the formation of the list for proportional positions.
Despite the joint action, each party maintains autonomy to manage the resources received from the Party Fund and the Special Campaign Financing Fund (Electoral Fund). The federation break before the minimum term causes punishments: the parties involved are prevented from forming a new federation or coalitions for majority positions by two elections and have suspended the receipt of resources from the party fund until the remaining period of the four years required.
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