The Iranian nuclear program, which began with US support during the Cold War, has become one of the main sources of international tension over decades, marked by sanctions, diplomatic clashes and recent military attacks.
The Iranian nuclear program began in the 1950s with support from the United States, then an ally of Iran. with the declared objective of producing energy for civil purposes. Cooperation continued until the Islamic Revolution of 1979, which overthrew the shah’s monarchy and established an Islamic republic, transforming the and the US into strategic adversaries and placing the nuclear program under strong international scrutiny.
Over the following decades, the issue motivated sanctions, inspections and diplomatic crises, despite Tehran guaranteeing that the project had peaceful purposes.
In 2015, an international agreement was signed to limit Iranian nuclear development, but the United States’ withdrawal from the agreement in 2018 led to worsening tensions and the reinforcement of nuclear activities by Iran.
In June 2025, against Iranian nuclear facilities marked a new military escalation, without clear confirmation of the extent of the damage.
Since then, Iran has restricted the access of international inspectors and strengthened its regional influence through alliances and armed groups in the Middle East, maintaining the nuclear dossier as one of the main focuses of global instability.
